Tema 3.3: Grammar. Imperatives in reported speech.
VG.3.3.1. Video de la clase.
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
Direct speech is a way of presenting the exact words that a person said or is saying. In direct speech, quotation marks are used to indicate the person's exact words, and verbs such as "said", "asked", "answered", among others, are included to introduce the speakers' statements. For example:
El discurso directo es una forma de presentar las palabras exactas que una persona dijo o está diciendo. En el discurso directo, se utilizan comillas para indicar las palabras exactas de la persona, y se incluyen verbos como "dijo", "preguntó", "respondió", entre otros, para introducir las declaraciones de los hablantes. Por ejemplo:
1. Maria exclaimed, "I'm so excited for tonight's concert!"
2. Pedro asked, "Where did you leave your car keys?"
3. Ana told her friend: "Tomorrow we are going to visit the museum of modern art."
4. Carlos announced: "I finally got the job I wanted so much!"
1. María exclamó: "¡Estoy tan emocionada por el concierto de esta noche!"
2. Pedro preguntó: "¿Dónde dejaste las llaves de tu coche?"
3. Ana le dijo a su amigo: "Mañana vamos a visitar el museo de arte moderno."
4. Carlos anunció: "¡Finalmente conseguí el trabajo que tanto quería!"
Indirect speech is a way of reporting the words said by someone without quoting them exactly. Instead of reproducing the exact words, what was said is paraphrased. In reported speech, pronouns, tenses, and other words are changed to make the sentence coherent within the context of the narrative. For example, "She said, 'I'm going out now'" becomes reported speech as "She said she was going out right then."
Direct speech: "I'm going to be late," said John.
Indirect speech: John said he was going to be late.
Discurso directo: "Voy a llegar tarde", dijo Juan.
Discurso indirecto: Juan dijo que iba a llegar tarde.
Direct speech: "Could you lend me your math book?" asked Maria.
Indirect speech: Maria asked if they could lend her their math book.
Discurso directo: "¿Podrías prestarme tu libro de matemáticas?", preguntó María.
Discurso indirecto: María preguntó si podrían prestarle su libro de matemáticas.
Direct speech: "We have to go to the supermarket tomorrow," announced Ana.
Indirect speech: Ana announced that they had to go to the supermarket the next day.
Discurso directo: "Mañana tenemos que ir al supermercado", anunció Ana.
Discurso indirecto: Ana anunció que al día siguiente tenían que ir al supermercado.
Direct speech: "I can't come to the party tonight," explained Carlos.
Indirect speech: Carlos explained that he couldn't come to the party that night.
Discurso directo: "No puedo venir a la fiesta esta noche", explicó Carlos.
Discurso indirecto: Carlos explicó que no podía venir a la fiesta esa noche.
Exercise
Write the indirect speech corresponding to the following sentences:
1. "I am studying for my exam," said Sarah.
2. "We will go to the beach next weekend," announced Tom.
3. "Can you pass me the salt?" asked Emily.
4. "I have finished my homework," exclaimed John.
5. "She is reading a book," observed Mark.
6. "We must leave early to catch the train," reminded Lisa.
7. "He will arrive at 8 o'clock," informed Peter.
8. "I don't like spicy food," confessed Emma.
9. "We had a great time at the party," said Max.
10. "I'm going to visit my grandparents next month," mentioned Julia.
To solve the solved exercise click here.
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